Starting at the 9 o’clock position and kushcoin moving clockwise in 90 degree intervals, we are looking at the Right, Anterior, Left and Posterior aspects of the patient. Oral contrast can also be administered if investigation is required of the digestive system. Use our innovative system to generate tests that are tailored to your learning needs. Bring anatomy to life with our collection of 3D models – bespoke for each topic.

Contrast Imaging

Technological advancements in CT have paved the way for more advanced applications – such as virtual colonoscopy – which is quickly replacing traditional barium enema studies. Cardiac gating on CT scanners have allowed institutions to perform studies dedicated to the cardiac arteries and to perform measurements of ejection fraction. Specialised software has advanced 3D applications in CT,  allowing for better visualisation of certain pathologies. After approximately 7 minutes after an intravenous injection with iodinated CT contrast, the contrast begins to expel from the body via the urinary system. The contrast can be seen in the ureters going into the bladder creating a CT Urogram; a procedure that is commonly replacing the traditional intravenous pyelogram seen in radiography. Computed tomography (CT) scanning is an extremely common imaging modality in modern medicine.

Organs

• In this section, learn more about the Embryology and the development of all the major systems.
• Explore, cut, dissect, annotate and manipulate our 3D models to visualise anatomy in a dynamic, interactive way.
• However, MRI safety has recently become a major focus in hospital and outpatient environments due to the potential attraction to ferromagnetic objects and devices.
• To learn about each of their development in detail, see our article on the development of reproductive and urinary systems respectively.

Understanding human anatomy is crucial for success in both education and healthcare. Fig 3Sagittal plane T2 weighted MRI Scan of lumbar spine, demonstrating disc herniation at L4/5 level. Magnetic resonance imaging can be used to assess the extent of cord compression, when there is a suspicion of stenosis, disc herniation or cauda equina. The biggest drawback of CT is that it utilises radiation that can potentially be harmful, especially with younger patients and children. However, the benefits often outweigh the risk, and there has been an upward trend in the use of CT in diagnostic imaging.

In our article on weeks 1-3 of embryonic development you’ll learn that the first stage of development starts off with fertilisation. This is the process of male sperm fusing with the female ovum and it’s the basis of the embryology covered in the article. After fertilisation, there is the formation of the inner cell mass and outer cell mass and the zygote eventually becomes a blastocyst which is then ready for implantation. When the magnet is switched off, the protons will gradually return to their original state in a process known as precession. Fundamentally, the different tissue types within the body return at different rates and it is this that allows us to visualise and differentiate between the different tissues of the body. MRI scans work as an imaging method due to the unique make-up of the human body.

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Some medical and implantable devices are considered contraindications for MRI evaluation – such as cardiac pacemakers, heart monitors, defibrillators and other battery-operated devices. Magnetic resonance imaging can produce highly sophisticated and highly detailed images of the human body. Generally speaking, MRI scanning is excellent for visualising soft tissue – and so it is often used in the detection of tumours, strokes and bleeds. It also can be used to visualise the functionality of suspected masses and tumours through IV, gadolinium-based agents.

• Cartilaginous joints are ones where the two bones are typically lined with hyaline cartilage but have a wedge of fibrocartilage between them joining them together.
• When the magnet is switched off, the protons will gradually return to their original state in a process known as precession.
• It has a large variation of positions within the pelvis, described by its degree of anteversion or retroversion, and anteflexion or retroflexion.
• The uterus, commonly referred to as the womb, is the location of normal implantation of an early embryo.
• In our article on weeks 1-3 of embryonic development you’ll learn that the first stage of development starts off with fertilisation.

Image Weight

These are the most common types of joints and the ones which permit the greatest movement. These can be further sub divided and further information of this is provided in the classification of joints article. This thin layer of fluid acts as a form of lubrication, shock absorption and nutrient distribution. The density of the body tissue determines the degree to which the x-rays are attenuated. The development of the reproductive and urinary systems is very closely linked as they share a common caudal endpoint known as the cloaca.

Conventional x-rays provide the radiographer with a two-dimensional image, and require the patient to be moved manually to image the same region from a different angle. At each end is a cervical os, a narrow opening into the uterus and vagina either side. It facilitates the passage of sperm whilst maintaining a sterile environment in the upper female reproductive system. Synovial joints are synovial fluid filled joints enclosed within a fibrous capsule.

Explore, cut, dissect, annotate and manipulate our 3D models to visualise anatomy in a dynamic, interactive way. Finally, the respiratory system develops as a diverticulum from the oesophagus and the primitive gut tube. The development of the face, head and the neck are closely linked with each other and depend on certain structures known as pharyngeal arches. These arches are of mesenchymal origin which along with the frontonasal prominence form the face. Access TeachMeAnatomy anytime, anywhere with our mobile-optimised website and apps, perfect for on-the-go learning.

There are many organs that sit in the pelvis, including much of the urinary system, and lots of the male or female reproductive systems. The skin, tissues and organs in the pelvis are supplied by the vasculature of the pelvis, and innervated by many nerves of the pelvis, including the pudendal nerve. It is made up of the vulva, the vagina, the cervix, the uterus, the fallopian tubes and the ovaries.

In our article on the development of the cardiovascular system we will discuss how the primitive heart tube forms the more well-known four chamber system found within us. As the heart grows it loops pushing the primitive atria superiorly and posteriorly and the primitive ventricle inferiorly and anteriorly. CT scans are created using a series of x-rays, which are a form of radiation on the electromagnetic spectrum. There are 7 main areas covered in the upper limb; The muscles, bones, joints, nerves, blood and lymphatic supply, anatomical areas, and the structures in the hand. However, MRI safety has recently become a major focus in hospital and outpatient environments due to the potential attraction to ferromagnetic objects and devices.

These provide skeletal support as well as being the site of origin and attachment for the many muscles to act as leverage points. The joints of the upper limb are found between some of these bones and the muscles crossing them allow us to orient these joints. You will receive a link to create a new password via emai and please check that the email hasn’t been delivered into your spam folder. Depending on the tissue being imaged, the urgency of the investigation and the level of detail required, any of these techniques may be preferred. It is often the choice of examination for trauma patients in the emergency room (due to its quick scan times).